Which family encompasses stoneflies that are typically medium to large-sized?

The family Pteronarcyidae is known for including stoneflies that are typically medium to large-sized. Members of this family are often referred to as giant stoneflies, which distinguishes them from other smaller stonefly families. Pteronarcyidae species are characterized by their robust bodies and large wings, which contribute to their size.

In freshwater ecosystems, these larger stoneflies tend to inhabit clean, well-oxygenated streams and rivers. Their presence can indicate good water quality, as they are sensitive to pollution and habitat degradation. Understanding the size and ecological significance of stonefly families like Pteronarcyidae is essential for taxonomic and ecological studies.

In contrast, other families like Leuctridae, Nemouridae, and Perlidae contain species that are generally smaller or have distinctive morphological traits that differ from the medium to large size classification of Pteronarcyidae.