What does "functional diversity" refer to in aquatic ecosystems?

"Functional diversity" in aquatic ecosystems refers to the range of biological processes and functions provided by organisms within that ecosystem. This concept emphasizes the roles that different species play in maintaining ecosystem processes, such as nutrient cycling, primary productivity, and habitat structure.

Organisms contribute various functions depending on their traits and interactions, which are essential for a healthy functioning ecosystem. For instance, some species may be primary producers, while others may decompose organic material or serve as predators, all of which are critical for the balance and resilience of the aquatic environment.

Understanding functional diversity helps in assessing the overall health and stability of ecosystems. It underscores the importance of species not only for their numbers or variety but for the myriad roles they each play in their environment. This holistic view is essential for conservation and management practices aimed at preserving biodiversity and ecosystem functionality.