What are invasive species in the context of freshwater ecosystems?

Invasive species, particularly in freshwater ecosystems, are defined as non-native organisms that establish themselves in a new habitat and cause harm to the local environment, economy, or human health. These species can dominate local ecosystems, outcompete native species for resources, alter habitats, and disrupt ecological processes.

The introduction of invasive species often occurs through human activities, such as the release of aquarium fish into local waters, accidental spills of species from one ecosystem to another, or through activities like shipping and boating. Once established, invasive species can alter food webs, increase the frequency of harmful algal blooms, and lead to the decline or extinction of native species, thus significantly impacting biodiversity.

This distinction is crucial for understanding ecological balance and conservation efforts within freshwater habitats, as controlling or managing invasive species is often a key component of maintaining the health and sustainability of these ecosystems.