How is the term "biodiversity" defined in the context of freshwater ecosystems?

The term "biodiversity" in the context of freshwater ecosystems is defined as the variety of life forms in a given habitat or ecosystem. This encompasses the different species of plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that exist within freshwater environments, such as lakes, rivers, wetlands, and reservoirs. Biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem health, providing resilience against changes and pressures, maintaining ecological processes, and supporting the overall functioning of the ecosystem.

High biodiversity typically leads to increased stability within ecosystems, allowing them to better withstand disturbances, such as pollution or climate change. The variety of species also contributes to the myriad of ecological roles and functions, such as nutrient cycling, habitat provision, and food web dynamics. Thus, understanding and preserving biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems is essential for conservation efforts and sustainable resource management.